Incamake y'imicungire y'ubushyuhe mu byuma bikoresha amashanyarazi

Imicungire y'ubushyuhe bw'ingufu z'imodoka igabanyijemo ibice bibiri: imicungire y'ubushyuhe bw'ingufu z'imodoka zikoresha lisansi gakondo n'imicungire y'ubushyuhe bw'ingufu nshya z'imodoka zikoresha lisansi. Ubu imicungire y'ubushyuhe bw'ingufu z'imodoka zikoresha lisansi gakondo imaze igihe kinini. Imodoka ikoresha lisansi gakondo ikoreshwa na moteri, bityo moteri Imicungire y'ubushyuhe ni yo yibandwaho mu micungire y'ubushyuhe bw'imodoka gakondo. Imicungire y'ubushyuhe bw'imoteri ahanini irimo uburyo bwo gukonjesha moteri. Ubushyuhe burenga 30% mu modoka bugomba kurekurwa n'urusobe rw'ubukonje bw'imoteri kugira ngo moteri idashyuha cyane iyo ikora cyane. Igikoresho gikonjesha moteri gikoreshwa mu gushyushya inzu.

Uruganda rw'amashanyarazi rw'imodoka zikoresha lisansi gakondo rugizwe na moteri na transmissions z'imodoka zikoresha lisansi gakondo, mu gihe imodoka nshya zikoresha ingufu zigizwe na bateri, moteri, n'ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga. Uburyo bwo gucunga ubushyuhe bw'ibi byombi bwahindutse cyane. Bateri y'amashanyarazi y'imodoka nshya zikoresha ingufu Ubushyuhe busanzwe bwo gukora ni 25 ~ 40°C. Kubwibyo, gucunga ubushyuhe bwa bateri bisaba kuyikomeza no kuyikuraho. Muri icyo gihe, ubushyuhe bwa moteri ntibugomba kuba buri hejuru cyane. Niba ubushyuhe bwa moteri buri hejuru cyane, bigira ingaruka ku buzima bwa moteri. Kubwibyo, moteri nayo igomba gufata ingamba zikenewe zo gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe mu gihe cyo kuyikoresha. Ibi bikurikira ni intangiriro ku buryo bwo gucunga ubushyuhe bwa bateri n'uburyo bwo gucunga ubushyuhe bw'ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga by'igenzura ry'amashanyarazi rya moteri n'ibindi bice.

Sisitemu yo gucunga ubushyuhe bwa batiri y'amashanyarazi

Uburyo bwo gucunga ubushyuhe bwa bateri y'amashanyarazi bugabanyijemo ibice bibiri: gukonjesha umwuka, gukonjesha amazi, gukonjesha ibikoresho bihindura icyiciro n'ugukonjesha imiyoboro y'ubushyuhe hashingiwe ku buryo butandukanye bwo gukonjesha. Amahame n'imiterere y'uburyo butandukanye bwo gukonjesha biratandukanye cyane.

1) Gukonjesha umwuka wa batiri y'amashanyarazi: ipaki ya batiri n'umwuka wo hanze bitwara ubushyuhe bunyura mu kirere. Gukonjesha umwuka muri rusange bigabanyijemo gukonjesha bisanzwe n'ugukonjesha ku ngufu. Gukonjesha bisanzwe ni igihe umwuka wo hanze ukonjesha ipaki ya batiri iyo imodoka irimo gukora. Gukonjesha umwuka ku ngufu ni ugushyiramo umuyaga wo gukonjesha ku ngufu ukoresheje ipaki ya batiri. Ibyiza byo gukonjesha umwuka ni ukugura make no koroshya gukoreshwa mu bucuruzi. Imbogamizi ni uburyo budakoresha ubushyuhe bwinshi, ikigereranyo kinini cy'umwanya ukoreshwa, n'ibibazo bikomeye by'urusaku. (Igishyushya cy'umwuka cya PTC)

2) Gukonjesha amazi ya bateri ikoresha ingufu: ubushyuhe bw'ipaki ya bateri bukurwa n'amazi atemba. Kubera ko ubushobozi bwihariye bw'ubushyuhe bw'amazi ari bunini kurusha ubw'umwuka, ingaruka zo gukonjesha amazi ziruta iz'ubukonje bw'umwuka, kandi umuvuduko wo gukonjesha nawo wihuta kurusha uw'ubukonje bw'umwuka, kandi ubushyuhe bukwirakwira nyuma yo gushonga k'ubushyuhe bw'ipaki ya bateri buri ku rugero rumwe. Kubwibyo, gukonjesha amazi nabyo bikoreshwa cyane mu bucuruzi. (Igishyushya gikonjesha cya PTC)

3) Gukonjesha ibikoresho bihindura icyiciro: Ibikoresho bihindura icyiciro (PhaseChangeMaterial, PCM) birimo parafini, umunyu wuzuye, aside irike, nibindi, bishobora kwinjiza cyangwa kurekura ubushyuhe bwinshi iyo habayeho impinduka mu cyiciro, mu gihe ubushyuhe bwabyo buguma buhinduka. Kubwibyo, PCM ifite ubushobozi bwinshi bwo kubika ingufu z'ubushyuhe nta ngufu ziyongereyeho, kandi ikoreshwa cyane mu gukonjesha bateri ku bikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga nka telefoni zigendanwa. Ariko, ikoreshwa rya bateri z'amashanyarazi z'imodoka riracyari mu bushakashatsi. Ibikoresho bihindura icyiciro bifite ikibazo cyo kuba nta bushyuhe bwinshi butwara, bigatuma ubuso bwa PCM buhura na bateri bushonga, mu gihe ibindi bice bidashonga, ibyo bigabanya imikorere yo kohereza ubushyuhe muri sisitemu kandi ntibikwiriye bateri nini z'amashanyarazi. Ibi bibazo nibishobora gukemurwa, gukonjesha PCM kuzaba igisubizo cyiza cyane mu micungire y'ubushyuhe bw'imodoka nshya zikoresha ingufu.

4) Gukonjesha umuyoboro w'ubushyuhe: Umuyoboro w'ubushyuhe ni igikoresho gishingiye ku ihindagurika ry'ubushyuhe. Umuyoboro w'ubushyuhe ni ikintu gifunze cyangwa umuyoboro ufunze wuzuyemo igikoresho cyuzuye/amazi (amazi, ethylene glycol, cyangwa acetone, nibindi). Igice kimwe cy'umuyoboro w'ubushyuhe ni impera y'ubushyuhe, naho ikindi gice ni impera y'ubushyuhe. Ntabwo ishobora kwinjiza ubushyuhe bw'agapaki k'ibati gusa ahubwo ikanashyushya agapaki k'ibati. Ubu ni bwo buryo bwiza bwo gucunga ubushyuhe bwa batiri y'amashanyarazi. Ariko, buracyari mu bushakashatsi.

5) Gukonjesha mu buryo butaziguye muri firigo: gukonjesha mu buryo butaziguye ni uburyo bwo gukoresha ihame rya R134a rikonjesha n'ibindi bikonjesha kugira ngo bihindure ubushyuhe kandi bishiremo umwuka, hanyuma ushyiremo icyuma gikonjesha cy'uburyo bukonjesha mu gasanduku ka bateri kugira ngo gikonjeshe vuba agasanduku ka bateri. Sisitemu yo gukonjesha mu buryo butaziguye ifite ubushobozi bwo gukonjesha cyane kandi ifite ubushobozi bwo gukonjesha bwinshi.