Inganda zikora imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi (EV) zihora ziharanira kunoza uburambe bw'abakiriya mu gutwara imodoka. Kugira ngo bakemure ibibazo byo kumererwa neza mu modoka, izi sosiyete zatangiye gushyira ikoranabuhanga rigezweho ryo gushyushya imodoka mu modoka zazo. Uko urwego rugenda rutera imbere, sisitemu nshya nka heaters zifite voltage nyinshi z'imodoka, heaters zifite voltage nyinshi z'amashanyarazi n'imashini zikoresha bateri za PTC zirimo kwitabwaho cyane kandi byitezwe ko zizanoza imikorere n'imikorere myiza ya sisitemu zikoresha amashanyarazi zo gushyushya imodoka.
Ibishyushya by'imodoka bifite ingufu nyinshini ikoranabuhanga rigezweho ryo gushyushya ryagenewe by'umwihariko imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi. Rikoresha urwego rwo hejuru rw'amashanyarazi kugira ngo ryongere imikorere myiza no gutanga ubushyuhe bwihuse mu gihe rikora rifite ingufu nke. Ubu buryo bugezweho butuma habaho igihe cyo gushyushya vuba, butuma abashoferi b'imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi bishimira ahantu hashyushye kandi heza ho mu kabari ndetse no mu bihe by'ubukonje. Mu gushyushya vuba kabine, gukenera gushyushya igihe kirekire biragabanuka, bikongera imikorere myiza y'ingufu no kongera igihe cyo gutwara.
Ibishyushya batiri bifite ingufu nyinshikuzuza sisitemu z'imodoka hamwe n'udushyushya dufite ingufu nyinshi kandi bigira uruhare runini mu kunoza imikorere ya bateri mu bihe bikomeye by'ikirere. Ubushyuhe buke bushobora kugira ingaruka mbi ku mikorere ya bateri muri rusange no ku rwego rwo hejuru. Kugira ngo iki kibazo gikemuke, abakora imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi bashyizeho sisitemu nshya zo gushyushya bateri zifite ingufu nyinshi. Izi mashini zishyushya bateri zishyushya neza mbere yo kuyikoresha no mu gihe cyo kuyikoresha, zigatanga umusaruro mwiza hatitawe ku bushyuhe bwo hanze. Iri koranabuhanga rigezweho rifasha kubungabunga ubushobozi bwa bateri binyuze mu kugabanya ingaruka z'ubukonje, amaherezo rikongera igihe kirekire n'imikorere y'imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi.
Irindi terambere mu ikoranabuhanga rikoresha amashanyarazi mu gushyushya ibinyabiziga niIgishyushya cy'igice cya bateri cya PTCIkoranabuhanga rya Positive Temperature Coefficient (PTC) rishyushya kabine vuba kandi neza mu gihe rikoresha ingufu nke. Ubu buryo bugezweho bwo gushyushya bukoresha ibintu bishyushya bya keramike bishyuha vuba iyo umuriro w'amashanyarazi unyuze muri byo. Ibishyushya bya PTC bigizwe na bateri bizwiho gukoresha neza ingufu, bigatuma biba byiza ku bakora imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi bashaka kunoza uburyo bwo gushyushya imodoka badashyize mu kaga ubuzima bwa bateri cyangwa aho bategera imodoka.
Guhuza ubu buryo bwo gushyushya bukoresha umuvuduko mwinshi mu modoka zikoresha amashanyarazi bitanga inyungu nyinshi zikomeye. Icya mbere, uburyo bwo gushyushya bunoze bugabanya cyane igihe cyo gushyushya, bugatanga ubushyuhe bwihuse kuri tagisi kandi bugatuma umushoferi n'abagenzi barushaho kumererwa neza. Byongeye kandi, imikorere y'ubu buryo yorohereza ingufu igabanya ikoreshwa ry'ingufu kandi bukongera imikorere myiza y'imodoka. Kongera imikorere myiza bivuze ko imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi zigenda igihe kirekire, ikintu cy'ingenzi mu kwagura isoko ry'imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi.
Byongeye kandi, ubushobozi bwo gushyushya batiri butangwa n'iri koranabuhanga butuma batiri za EV ziramba kandi zikagira ubuzima bwiza, bigabanyiriza ingaruka z'ubukonje ku mikorere yazo. Mu kubungabunga ubushobozi bwa batiri no kugabanya igihombo gishobora guterwa n'ubukonje, imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi zifite ubu buryo bugezweho bwo gushyushya ziha abakiriya icyizere mu bushobozi bw'imodoka bwo gukora neza mu bihe bitandukanye by'ikirere.
Uko icyifuzo cy’imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi gikomeza kwiyongera, abakora imodoka bemeza ko ari ngombwa gushyira imbere uburyo bworoshye bwo gutwara imodoka zabo hatabayeho kwangiza urwego rw’imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi. Uruvange rw’ikoranabuhanga rya heater ifite voltage nyinshi y’imodoka, heater ifite voltage nyinshi y’amashanyarazi n’ikoranabuhanga rya PTC rikoresha amashanyarazi y’imodoka, bigaragaza ko inganda zitanga uburyo bwiza bwo gushyushya imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi.
Muri make, gutangiza ikoranabuhanga ryo gushyushya rikoresha ingufu nyinshi mu modoka zikoresha amashanyarazi birimo guhindura uburyo imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi zikoresha ubushyuhe mu nzu. Hamwe na sisitemu nka ibyuma bishyushya bikoresha ingufu nyinshi, ibyuma bishyushya bateri bikoresha ingufu nyinshi n'ibyuma bishyushya bateri bya PTC, abakora imodoka zikoresha ingufu bashobora guha abashoferi n'abagenzi ubushyuhe n'ihumure byihuse mu gihe bongera ingufu zikoreshwa neza, imikorere ya bateri n'uburyo bwose bwo kuyitwara. Nta gushidikanya ko izi sisitemu zigezweho zo gushyushya zitanga inzira yo kugira uburambe bushimishije kandi bwizewe bwo gutwara imodoka zikoresha ingufu.
Igihe cyo kohereza: 27 Nzeri 2023
