Module ya bateri ya lithium igizwe ahanini na bateri hamwe na monomers zikora ubukonje n'ubushyuhe. Isano iri hagati y'ibyo byombi irahuza. Bateri ishinzwe gukoresha ingufu nshya mu modoka, kandi icyuma gikonjesha gishobora guhangana n'ubushyuhe buturuka kuri bateri mu gihe cy'ikoreshwa. Uburyo butandukanye bwo gukonjesha ubushyuhe bufite uburyo butandukanye bwo gukonjesha ubushyuhe.
Iyo ubushyuhe bukikije bateri buri hejuru cyane, ibi bikoresho bizakoresha gasket ya silikoni itwara ubushyuhe nk'inzira yo kohereza, byinjire mu muyoboro wo gukonjesha neza, hanyuma bikinjiza ubushyuhe binyuze mu gukorana na bateri imwe mu buryo butaziguye cyangwa butaziguye. Akamaro nyamukuru k'ubu buryo ni uko bufite ahantu hanini ho gukorana na bateri kandi bushobora gufata ubushyuhe neza.
Uburyo bwo gukonjesha umwuka ni uburyo busanzwe bwo gukonjesha bateri.Igishyushya cy'umwuka cya PTC) Nk'uko izina ribigaragaza, ubu buryo bukoresha umwuka nk'uburyo bwo gukonjesha. Abashushanya imodoka nshya zikoresha ingufu bazashyiramo amafeni akonjesha iruhande rw'ibikoresho bya bateri. Kugira ngo bongere uburyo umwuka utembera, imiyoboro y'umwuka nayo yongerwa iruhande rw'ibikoresho bya bateri. Bitewe n'uburyo umwuka utembera, bateri ya lithium y'imodoka nshya ikoresha ingufu ishobora gusohora ubushyuhe vuba kandi ikabungabunga ubushyuhe buhamye. Akamaro k'ubu buryo ni uko bworoshye, kandi bushobora gusohora ubushyuhe hakoreshejwe uburyo busanzwe bwo gusohora cyangwa gukoresha ubushyuhe bukabije. Ariko niba ubushobozi bwa bateri buri hejuru cyane, ingaruka zo gukonjesha ubushyuhe mu mwuka si nziza.
Gukonjesha umwuka mu buryo bwa "box-type" ni uburyo bwo kunoza uburyo bwo gukonjesha no gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe. Uretse kugenzura ubushyuhe ntarengwa bwa "battery pack", ishobora no kugenzura ubushyuhe ntarengwa bwa "battery pack", bigatuma battery ikora neza cyane. Ariko, ubu buryo butuma ubushyuhe budakwirakwira mu "battery pack", bigatuma ihura n'ubushyuhe budakwirakwira. Gukonjesha umwuka mu buryo bwa "box-type" byongera umuvuduko w'umuyaga w'aho umwuka winjirira, bigahuza ubushyuhe ntarengwa bwa "battery pack", kandi bigagenzura itandukaniro rinini ry'ubushyuhe. Ariko, bitewe n'icyuho gito cya "battery" yo hejuru aho umwuka winjirira, gazi ituruka ntiyujuje ibisabwa mu gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe, kandi umuvuduko rusange w'amazi uragabanuka cyane. Iyo ibintu bikomeje gutya, ubushyuhe bwiyongera ku gice cyo hejuru cya "battery" aho umwuka winjirira biragoye gucika. Nubwo hejuru hacitsemo ibice mu cyiciro cya nyuma, itandukaniro ry'ubushyuhe hagati ya "battery packs" riracyarenga urugero rwagenwe.
Uburyo bwo gukonjesha ibikoresho bihindura icyiciro bufite ikoranabuhanga rihanitse cyane, kuko ibikoresho bihindura icyiciro bishobora gukurura ubushyuhe bwinshi bitewe n'impinduka z'ubushyuhe bwa bateri. Akamaro gakomeye k'ubu buryo ni uko bukoresha ingufu nke kandi bugashobora kugenzura ubushyuhe bwa bateri mu buryo bukwiye. Ugereranyije n'uburyo bwo gukonjesha amazi, ibikoresho bihindura icyiciro ntabwo byangiza, ibyo bikaba bigabanya umwanda w'ibikoresho bijyana na bateri. Ariko, si tram nshya zose zishobora gukoresha ibikoresho bihindura icyiciro nk'uburyo bwo gukonjesha, kuko ikiguzi cyo gukora ibikoresho nk'ibyo kiri hejuru.
Ku bijyanye n'ikoreshwa, gukonjesha kwa fin convection bishobora kugenzura ubushyuhe ntarengwa n'itandukaniro ntarengwa ry'ubushyuhe bwa paki ya bateri iri hagati ya 45°C na 5°C. Ariko, iyo umuvuduko w'umuyaga ukikije paki ya bateri ugeze ku gaciro kagenwe, ingaruka zo gukonjesha kw'amafi binyuze mu muvuduko w'umuyaga ntiziba zikomeye, ku buryo itandukaniro ry'ubushyuhe bwa paki ya bateri rihinduka gato.
Gukonjesha imiyoboro y'ubushyuhe ni uburyo bushya bwo gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe, butarashyirwa mu bikorwa ku mugaragaro. Ubu buryo ni ugushyiramo igikoresho gikorera mu muyoboro w'ubushyuhe, iyo ubushyuhe bwa batiri bumaze kwiyongera, bushobora gukuraho ubushyuhe binyuze mu muyoboro uri mu muyoboro.
Bigaragara ko uburyo bwinshi bwo gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe bufite imbogamizi zimwe na zimwe. Niba abashakashatsi bashaka gukora akazi keza mu gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe bwa bateri za lithium, bagomba gushyiraho ibikoresho bikwirakwiza ubushyuhe mu buryo bugamije inyungu hakurikijwe uko ibintu bimeze, kugira ngo barebe ko bateri ya lithium ishobora gukora neza.
✦Umuti wo kunanirwa kwa sisitemu yo gukonjesha imodoka nshya zikoresha ingufu
Mbere na mbere, igihe imodoka nshya zikoresha ingufu zikora n'imikorere yazo bifitanye isano n'igihe zikoresha n'imikorere yazo. Abashakashatsi bashobora gukora akazi keza mu gucunga ubushyuhe hakurikijwe imiterere ya bateri za lithium. Kubera ko sisitemu zo gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe zikoreshwa n'imodoka nshya zikoresha ingufu z'ibirango bitandukanye n'izindi moderi zitandukanye, iyo batunganya sisitemu yo gucunga ubushyuhe, abashakashatsi bagomba guhitamo uburyo bwo gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe bukwiye hakurikijwe imiterere yazo kugira ngo bongere uburyo bwo gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe bw'imodoka nshya zikoresha ingufu. Urugero, iyo ukoresha uburyo bwo gukonjesha amazi (Igishyushya gikonjesha cya PTC), abashakashatsi bashobora gukoresha ethylene glycol nk'uburyo bw'ingenzi bwo gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe. Ariko, kugira ngo bakureho ingaruka mbi zo gukonjesha amazi no gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe, kandi birinde ethylene glycol kuva amazi no kwanduza bateri, abashakashatsi bagomba gukoresha ibikoresho bidapfa kwangirika nk'ibikoresho birinda bateri za lithium. Byongeye kandi, abashakashatsi bagomba kandi gukora akazi keza ko gufunga kugira ngo bagabanye ibyago byo kuva amazi ya ethylene glycol.
Icya kabiri, urwego rw'imodoka nshya zikoresha ingufu ruriyongera, ubushobozi n'imbaraga za bateri za lithium byarazamuwe cyane, kandi ubushyuhe bwinshi buratangwa. Iyo ukomeje gukoresha uburyo busanzwe bwo gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe, ingaruka zo gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe zizagabanuka cyane. Kubwibyo, abashakashatsi bagomba kugendana n'ibihe, bagahora bateza imbere ikoranabuhanga rishya, kandi bagahitamo ibikoresho bishya kugira ngo banoze imikorere ya sisitemu yo gukonjesha. Byongeye kandi, abashakashatsi bashobora guhuza uburyo butandukanye bwo gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe kugira ngo bongere ibyiza bya sisitemu yo gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe, kugira ngo ubushyuhe bukikije bateri ya lithium bugenzurwe mu rugero rukwiye, rushobora gutanga ingufu zidashira ku modoka nshya zikoresha ingufu. Urugero, abashakashatsi bashobora guhuza uburyo bwo gukonjesha umwuka no gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe hashingiwe ku guhitamo uburyo bwo gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe bw'amazi. Muri ubu buryo, uburyo bubiri cyangwa butatu bushobora gukosora amakosa y'ubumwe no kunoza neza imikorere yo gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe bw'imodoka nshya zikoresha ingufu.
Hanyuma, umushoferi agomba gukora akazi keza mu kubungabunga imodoka nshya zikoresha ingufu buri munsi iyo atwaye. Mbere yo gutwara imodoka, ni ngombwa kugenzura uko imodoka ikora ndetse no kureba niba hari amakosa mu mutekano. Ubu buryo bwo gusuzuma bushobora kugabanya ibyago byo kwangirika kw'imodoka no kwemeza ko umutekano wayo uri mu mutekano. Nyuma yo gutwara imodoka igihe kirekire, umushoferi agomba kohereza imodoka buri gihe kugira ngo igenzurwe kugira ngo arebe niba hari ibibazo bishobora kubaho muri sisitemu yo kugenzura amashanyarazi n'uburyo bwo gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe ku gihe kugira ngo hirindwe impanuka mu gihe cyo gutwara imodoka nshya zikoresha ingufu. Byongeye kandi, mbere yo kugura imodoka nshya ikoresha ingufu, umushoferi agomba gukora iperereza ryiza kugira ngo asobanukirwe imiterere ya sisitemu yo gutwara bateri ya lithium n'uburyo bwo gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe bw'imodoka nshya ikoresha ingufu, kandi agerageze guhitamo imodoka ifite uburyo bwiza bwo gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe. Kubera ko ubwoko bw'imodoka bumara igihe kirekire kandi bufite imikorere myiza y'imodoka. Muri icyo gihe, abashoferi bagomba kandi gusobanukirwa ubumenyi bumwe na bumwe bwo kubungabunga kugira ngo bahangane n'ibibazo bitunguranye bya sisitemu no kugabanya igihombo mu gihe.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kamena-25-2023
