Muri iki gihe, amasosiyete atandukanye y’imodoka akoresha bateri ya lithium ku rugero runini muri bateri y’amashanyarazi, kandi ubwinshi bw’ingufu buragenda bwiyongera, ariko abantu baracyafite amabara kubera umutekano wa bateri y’amashanyarazi, kandi ntabwo ari igisubizo cyiza ku mutekano wa bateri.Ubushyuhe bwa Thermal nicyo kintu cyingenzi cyubushakashatsi bwumutekano wa bateri, kandi birakwiye kwibandaho.
Mbere ya byose, reka twumve icyo guhunga ubushyuhe.Guhunga Ubushyuhe ni ibintu byerekana urunigi bikururwa nimpamvu zitandukanye, bikavamo ubushyuhe bwinshi na gaze zangiza zitangwa na bateri mugihe gito, zishobora no gutuma bateri ifata umuriro igaturika mubihe bikomeye.Hariho impamvu nyinshi zituma habaho guhunga ubushyuhe, nko gushyuha cyane, kwishyuza birenze urugero, imiyoboro ngufi yimbere, kugongana, nibindi .. Guhunga amashanyarazi ya bateri akenshi bitangirira kubora rya firime mbi ya SEI muri selire ya batiri, bigakurikirwa no kubora no gushonga ya diaphragm, bikavamo electrode mbi na electrolyte, bigakurikirwa no kubora kwa electrode nziza na electrolyte, bityo bigatuma habaho imiyoboro minini minini y'imbere, bigatuma electrolyte yaka, hanyuma igakwira mu zindi selile, bigatera ikintu gikomeye cyo guhumeka no kwemerera ipaki ya batiri yose kubyara umuriro.
Impamvu zitera guhunga ubushyuhe zirashobora kugabanwa mubitera imbere ninyuma.Impamvu zimbere akenshi ziterwa numuyoboro mugufi w'imbere;ibitera hanze biterwa no gukoresha imashini, gukoresha amashanyarazi, gukoresha ubushyuhe, nibindi.
Inzira ngufi yimbere, ni itumanaho ritaziguye hagati ya positif nziza kandi mbi ya bateri, iratandukanye cyane murwego rwo guhura hamwe nigisubizo cyakurikiyeho.Mubisanzwe umuzenguruko munini w'imbere uterwa no gukoreshwa nubukanishi nubushyuhe bizahita bikurura ubushyuhe bwumuriro.Ibinyuranye, imiyoboro ngufi yimbere itera imbere yonyine ni ntoya, kandi ubushyuhe itanga ni buto kuburyo bidahita bitera guhunga ubushyuhe.Iterambere ryimbere muri rusange ririmo inenge zo gukora, kwangirika kwimitungo itandukanye iterwa no gusaza kwa bateri, nko kwiyongera kwimbere imbere, kubitsa ibyuma bya lithium biterwa no gukoresha nabi igihe kirekire, nibindi. impamvu zimbere ziziyongera buhoro buhoro.
Gukoresha imashini, bivuga guhindura imikorere ya batiri ya lithium monomer hamwe na bateri ya batiri munsi yimbaraga ziva hanze, hamwe no kwimura ugereranije ibice bitandukanye byayo.Imiterere nyamukuru irwanya selile yamashanyarazi harimo kugongana, gukuramo no gutobora.Kurugero, ikintu cyamahanga cyakozweho nikinyabiziga ku muvuduko mwinshi cyatumye habaho gusenyuka kwa diafragma y'imbere ya bateri, ari nacyo cyateje umuzunguruko mugufi muri bateri kandi gitera gutwika bidatinze mu gihe gito.
Gukoresha amashanyarazi ya bateri ya lithium muri rusange harimo umuzunguruko mugufi wo hanze, kwishyuza hejuru, hejuru yo gusohora ibintu byinshi, bikaba bishoboka cyane ko byavamo ubushyuhe bwumuriro kugirango bikabije.Inzira ngufi yo hanze ibaho iyo abayobora babiri bafite umuvuduko utandukanye bahujwe hanze yakagari.Ikabutura yo hanze mumapaki ya batiri irashobora guterwa no guhindura ibintu biterwa no kugongana kw'ibinyabiziga, kwibiza mu mazi, kwanduza imiyoboro cyangwa gukomeretsa amashanyarazi mugihe cyo kuyitaho.Mubisanzwe, ubushyuhe bwasohotse mumuzingo mugufi wo hanze ntibishyushya bateri bitandukanye no gucumita.Ihuza ryingenzi hagati yumuzunguruko mugufi hamwe nubushyuhe bwumuriro nubushyuhe bugera aho ubushyuhe bukabije.Ni mugihe ubushyuhe buterwa numuzunguruko mugufi udashobora gukwirakwizwa neza ubushyuhe bwa bateri burazamuka kandi ubushyuhe bwinshi butera ubushyuhe bwumuriro.Kubwibyo, guca umuyagankuba mugufi cyangwa gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe burenze nuburyo bwo kubuza uruziga rugufi rwo hanze kutabyara ibindi byangiritse.Kurenza urugero, kubera imbaraga zuzuye, nimwe mubyago byinshi byo gukoresha nabi amashanyarazi.Ibisekuru byubushyuhe na gaze nibintu bibiri bisanzwe biranga inzira yo kwishyuza.Ubushyuhe buturuka kubushyuhe bwa ohmic hamwe no kuruhande.Ubwa mbere, lithium dendrite ikura hejuru ya anode kubera gushiramo litiro nyinshi.
Ingamba zo gukingira ubushyuhe:
Mubyiciro ubwabyo byabyaye ubushyuhe kugirango tubuze ubushyuhe bwumuriro wibanze, dufite amahitamo abiri, imwe nugutezimbere no kuzamura ibikoresho byibanze, ishingiro ryumuriro wumuriro ahanini rishingiye kumurongo wibikoresho byiza kandi bibi bya electrode kandi amashanyarazi.Mugihe kizaza, dukeneye kandi gutera imbere murwego rwo hejuru rwa cathode, guhinduranya, guhuza amashanyarazi ya electrolyte na electrode, no kunoza ubushyuhe bwumuriro wibanze.Cyangwa hitamo electrolyte n'umutekano mwinshi kugirango ukine ingaruka za flame retardant.Icya kabiri, birakenewe gufata ingamba nziza zo gucunga neza ubushyuhe (Ubushyuhe bwa PTC/ Ubushyuhe bwo mu kirere) uhereye hanze kugirango uhagarike ubushyuhe bwa batiri ya Li-ion, kugirango tumenye neza ko firime ya SEI ya selile itazamuka ku bushyuhe bwo gushonga, kandi mubisanzwe, guhunga ubushyuhe ntibizabaho.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Werurwe-17-2023
