Icyerekezo gishya cyo kuvugurura ikoranabuhanga mu gucunga ubushyuhe bw'ibinyabiziga bikoresha ingufu

Gucunga ubushyuhe bwa batiri

Mu gihe cy'imikorere ya bateri, ubushyuhe bugira ingaruka zikomeye ku mikorere yayo. Iyo ubushyuhe buri hasi cyane, bushobora gutuma ubushobozi bwa bateri n'imbaraga zayo bigabanuka cyane, ndetse no kugabanuka k'umuvuduko muke wa bateri. Akamaro ko gucunga ubushyuhe bwa bateri karagenda karushaho kugaragara kuko ubushyuhe buri hejuru cyane bishobora gutuma bateri ibora, ikanya, igashya cyangwa ikaturika. Ubushyuhe bw'imikorere ya bateri y'amashanyarazi ni ikintu cy'ingenzi mu kugena imikorere, umutekano n'ubuzima bwa bateri. Mu rwego rw'imikorere, ubushyuhe buri hasi cyane buzatuma imikorere ya bateri igabanuka, bigatuma imikorere yo gushyushya no gusohora igabanuka, ndetse n'ubushobozi bwa bateri bugabanuka cyane. Igereranya ryagaragaje ko iyo ubushyuhe bwagabanutse bukagera kuri 10°C, ubushobozi bwo gusohora bateri bwari 93% by'ubwo ku bushyuhe busanzwe; icyakora, iyo ubushyuhe bwagabanutse bukagera kuri -20°C, ubushobozi bwo gusohora bateri bwari 43% gusa by'ubwo ku bushyuhe busanzwe.

Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe na Li Junqiu n'abandi bwavuze ko mu rwego rw'umutekano, niba ubushyuhe buri hejuru cyane, ingaruka z'ingufu za bateri zizihuta. Iyo ubushyuhe buri hafi ya 60 °C, ibikoresho by'imbere/ibintu bikora muri bateri bizabora, hanyuma "ubushyuhe bugahita buhinduka", bigatuma ubushyuhe buzamuka mu buryo butunguranye, ndetse bukagera kuri 400 ~ 1000 ℃, hanyuma bigatera inkongi no guturika. Niba ubushyuhe buri hasi cyane, igipimo cyo gusharija bateri kigomba kuguma ku gipimo cyo gusharija kiri hasi, bitabaye ibyo bizatuma bateri ibora lithium kandi bigatuma umuyoboro mugari w'amashanyarazi utangira gushya.

Ukurikije ubuzima bwa bateri, ingaruka z'ubushyuhe ku buzima bwa bateri ntizishobora kwirengagizwa. Gushyira litiyumu muri bateri zikunze kwishyuzwa ubushyuhe buke bizatuma ubuzima bwa bateri bubora vuba inshuro nyinshi, kandi ubushyuhe bwinshi buzagira ingaruka cyane ku buzima bwa bateri n'ubuzima bwa bateri. Ubushakashatsi bwagaragaje ko iyo ubushyuhe buri kuri 23 ℃, ubuzima bwa bateri ifite ubushobozi busigaye bwa 80% ni iminsi 6238, ariko iyo ubushyuhe buzamutse bukagera kuri 35 ℃, ubuzima bwa bateri ni iminsi 1790, kandi iyo ubushyuhe bugeze kuri 55 ℃, ubuzima bwa bateri ni iminsi 6238 gusa. Iminsi 272 gusa.

Kuri ubu, bitewe n'ibiciro n'imbogamizi za tekiniki, imicungire y'ubushyuhe bwa batiri (BTMS) ntabwo ihujwe mu gukoresha ibikoresho biyobora amashanyarazi, kandi ishobora kugabanywamo inzira eshatu z'ingenzi za tekiniki: gukonjesha umwuka (gukora no kudakora), gukonjesha amazi no guhindura icyiciro (PCM). Gukonjesha umwuka biroroshye, nta ngaruka zo gusohoka, kandi birahendutse. Bikwiriye mu ikubitiro rya bateri za LFP n'ibibanza by'imodoka nto. Ingaruka zo gukonjesha amazi ni nziza kuruta izo gukonjesha umwuka, kandi ikiguzi kiriyongera. Ugereranyije n'umwuka, igikoresho gikonjesha amazi gifite imiterere y'ubushobozi bunini bw'ubushyuhe n'ubushobozi bwo kohereza ubushyuhe bwinshi, ibyo bikaba bigabanya ubushyuhe mu buryo buke bwo gukonjesha umwuka. Niyo gahunda nyamukuru yo kunoza imodoka zitwara abagenzi muri iki gihe. Zhang Fubin yagaragaje mu bushakashatsi bwe ko inyungu yo gukonjesha amazi ari ugusohora ubushyuhe vuba, bishobora kwemeza ubushyuhe bumwe bw'ipaki ya bateri, kandi bikwiranye n'ipaki za bateri zifite ubushyuhe bwinshi; ingaruka mbi ni ikiguzi kinini, ibisabwa mu gupakira bikomeye, ibyago byo gusohora amazi, n'imiterere igoye. Ibikoresho bihindura icyiciro bifite akamaro ko guhindura ubushyuhe n'ikiguzi, ndetse n'ikiguzi gito cyo kubungabunga. Ikoranabuhanga ririho ubu riracyari mu cyiciro cya laboratwari. Ikoranabuhanga ryo gucunga ubushyuhe bw'ibikoresho bihindura icyiciro ntiriragera ku rwego rwo hejuru, kandi ni ryo cyerekezo gishobora guteza imbere imicungire y'ubushyuhe bw'amabati mu gihe kizaza.

Muri rusange, gukonjesha amazi ni yo nzira y’ikoranabuhanga ikoreshwa ubu, ahanini bitewe na:

(1) Ku ruhande rumwe, bateri nini za nikeli zifite ubushyuhe bwinshi zifite ubushobozi bwo kudahindagurika kurusha bateri za phosphate y'icyuma ya lithium, ubushyuhe buke bwo gushyuha (ubushyuhe bwo kubora, 750 °C kuri phosphate y'icyuma ya lithium, 300 °C kuri bateri za lithium y'icyuma), kandi zitanga ubushyuhe bwinshi. Ku rundi ruhande, ikoranabuhanga rishya rya phosphate y'icyuma ya lithium nka bateri ya BYD na CTP yo mu gihe cya Ningde rikuraho modules, rinoza ikoreshwa ry'umwanya n'ubucucike bw'ingufu, kandi rirushaho guteza imbere imicungire y'ubushyuhe bwa bateri kuva ku ikoranabuhanga rikonjesha umwuka kugeza ku ikoranabuhanga rikonjesha amazi.

(2) Bitewe n'ubuyobozi bwo kugabanya inkunga n'impungenge z'abaguzi ku bijyanye n'aho imodoka zinyura, urwego rw'imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi rukomeje kwiyongera, kandi ibisabwa kugira ngo ingufu za batiri zirusheho kwiyongera. Ubukene bw'ikoranabuhanga ryo gukonjesha amazi rifite ubushobozi bwo kohereza ubushyuhe bwariyongereye.

(3) Moderi ziri gutera imbere mu cyerekezo cy’imashini zo mu rwego rwo hagati kugeza ku rwego rwo hejuru, zifite ingengo y’imari ihagije, zishakisha uburyo bworoshye bwo gukora, zidashobora kwihanganira amakosa y’ibice byazo kandi zikora neza, kandi umuti wo gukonjesha amazi ujyanye neza n’ibisabwa.

Nubwo yaba ari imodoka isanzwe cyangwa imodoka nshya ikoresha ingufu, icyifuzo cy'abaguzi cyo kwisanzura kirimo kwiyongera cyane, kandi ikoranabuhanga ryo gucunga ubushyuhe bwa cockpit ryabaye ingenzi cyane. Ku bijyanye n'uburyo bwo gukonjesha, compressors z'amashanyarazi zikoreshwa aho gukoresha compressors zisanzwe mu gukonjesha, kandi bateri akenshi zihuzwa na sisitemu zo gukonjesha zikoresha ubukonje. Ibinyabiziga gakondo ahanini bikoresha ubwoko bwa swash plate, mu gihe ibinyabiziga bishya bikoresha ubwoko bwa vortex. Ubu buryo bufite imikorere myiza, uburemere bworoheje, urusaku ruto, kandi bujyanye cyane n'ingufu zikoresha amashanyarazi. Byongeye kandi, imiterere y'iyi modoka ni yoroshye, imikorere yayo irahamye, kandi imikorere yayo ni 60% hejuru y'iyo mu bwoko bwa swash plate. % hafi. Ku bijyanye n'uburyo bwo gushyushya, PTC ishyushya(Igishyushya cy'umwuka cya PTC/Igishyushya gikonjesha cya PTC) birakenewe, kandi imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi ntizifite amasoko y'ubushyuhe ahendutse (nk'icyuma gikonjesha moteri zikoresha umuriro)