1. Ibiranga bateri ya lithium kubinyabiziga bishya byingufu
Batteri ya Litiyumu ahanini ifite ibyiza byo kugabanuka kwinshi, ubwinshi bwingufu, ibihe byizunguruka, hamwe nuburyo bukoreshwa mugihe cyo gukoresha.Gukoresha bateri ya lithium nkigikoresho nyamukuru cyingufu zingufu nshya bihwanye no kubona isoko nziza.Kubwibyo, mubice bigize ibice byingenzi byimodoka nshya zingufu, ipaki ya batiri ya lithium ijyanye na selile ya batiri ya lithium yabaye igice cyingenzi cyingenzi kandi igice cyibanze gitanga ingufu.Mugihe cyimikorere ya bateri ya lithium, haribisabwa bimwe mubidukikije.Ukurikije ibisubizo byubushakashatsi, ubushyuhe bwiza bwakazi bubikwa kuri 20 ° C kugeza 40 ° C.Iyo ubushyuhe buzengurutse bateri burenze imipaka yagenwe, imikorere ya batiri ya lithium izagabanuka cyane, kandi ubuzima bwa serivisi buzagabanuka cyane.Kuberako ubushyuhe bukikije batiri ya lithium ari hasi cyane, ubushobozi bwa nyuma bwo gusohora hamwe na voltage yo gusohora bizatandukana nibisanzwe byateganijwe, kandi hazabaho kugabanuka gukabije.
Niba ubushyuhe bwibidukikije buri hejuru cyane, amahirwe yo guhunga ubushyuhe bwa batiri ya lithium aziyongera cyane, kandi ubushyuhe bwimbere buzateranira ahantu runaka, bitera ibibazo bikomeye byo gukusanya ubushyuhe.Niba iki gice cyubushyuhe kidashobora koherezwa hanze neza, hamwe nigihe kinini cyakazi cya batiri ya lithium, bateri ikunda guturika.Ibi byangiza umutekano bibangamira cyane umutekano wumuntu ku giti cye, bityo bateri ya lithium igomba kwishingikiriza kubikoresho byo gukonjesha electromagnetique kugirango bitezimbere imikorere yumutekano wibikoresho rusange mugihe ukora.Birashobora kugaragara ko mugihe abashakashatsi bagenzura ubushyuhe bwa bateri ya lithium, bagomba gukoresha neza ibikoresho byo hanze kugirango bohereze ubushyuhe no kugenzura ubushyuhe bwiza bwakazi bwa bateri ya lithium.Nyuma yo kugenzura ubushyuhe bugeze ku gipimo gikwiranye, intego yo gutwara ibinyabiziga bishya by’ingufu ntibishobora guhungabana.
2. Shyushya uburyo bwo gukoresha ingufu za moteri nshya ya batiri ya lithium
Nubwo izo bateri zishobora gukoreshwa nkibikoresho byamashanyarazi, mugikorwa cyo gusaba nyirizina, itandukaniro riri hagati yaryo riragaragara.Batteri zimwe zifite ibibi byinshi, bityo abakora ibinyabiziga bishya byingufu bagomba guhitamo neza.Kurugero, bateri ya aside-aside itanga imbaraga zihagije kumashami yo hagati, ariko bizatera ibyangiritse cyane kubidukikije mugihe ikora, kandi ibyangiritse ntibizasubirwaho nyuma.Kubera iyo mpamvu, mu rwego rwo kurinda umutekano w’ibidukikije, igihugu cyashyize bateri ya aside-aside iri mu rutonde rwabujijwe.Mugihe cyiterambere, bateri ya nikel-metal hydride yabonye amahirwe meza, tekinoroji yiterambere iragenda ikura buhoro buhoro, kandi uburyo bwo kuyikoresha nabwo bwagutse.Ariko, ugereranije na bateri ya lithium, ibibi byayo biragaragara gato.Kurugero, biragoye kubakora bateri basanzwe kugenzura igiciro cyumusaruro wa bateri ya hydride ya nikel.Kubera iyo mpamvu, igiciro cya bateri ya nikel-hydrogen ku isoko cyagumye hejuru.Ibiranga ibinyabiziga bishya byingufu bikurikirana imikorere yikiguzi ntibizagerwaho kubikoresha nkibice byimodoka.Icy'ingenzi cyane, bateri ya Ni-MH yunvikana cyane nubushyuhe bwibidukikije kuruta bateri ya lithium, kandi birashoboka cyane gufata umuriro kubera ubushyuhe bwinshi.Nyuma yo kugereranya kwinshi, bateri ya lithium iragaragara kandi ubu ikoreshwa cyane mumodoka nshya yingufu.
Impamvu ituma bateri ya lithium ishobora gutanga ingufu kubinyabiziga bishya byingufu ni ukubera ko electrode nziza kandi mbi ifite ibikoresho bifatika.Mugihe cyo gukomeza gushiramo no gukuramo ibikoresho, haboneka ingufu nyinshi zamashanyarazi, hanyuma hakurikijwe ihame ryo guhindura ingufu, ingufu zamashanyarazi ningufu za kinetic Kugira ngo tugere ku ntego yo guhana, bityo bigatanga imbaraga zikomeye kuri ibinyabiziga bishya byingufu, birashobora kugera kuntego yo kugendana nimodoka.Muri icyo gihe, iyo selile ya lithium selile ikora imiti, izaba ifite umurimo wo gukuramo ubushyuhe no kurekura ubushyuhe kugirango ihindure ingufu.Byongeye kandi, lithium atom ntabwo ihagaze neza, irashobora kugenda ubudahwema hagati ya electrolyte na diaphragm, kandi hariho kurwanya polarisiyasi imbere.
Noneho, ubushyuhe nabwo buzarekurwa uko bikwiye.Nyamara, ubushyuhe bukikije bateri ya lithium yimodoka nshya yingufu ni nyinshi cyane, zishobora gutuma byoroshye kubora kubitandukanya byiza nibibi.Mubyongeyeho, ibice bya batiri nshya ya lithium igizwe na paki nyinshi za batiri.Ubushyuhe butangwa na paki zose za batiri zirenze kure iz'ububiko bumwe.Iyo ubushyuhe burenze agaciro kateganijwe, bateri ikunda guturika cyane.
3. Tekinoroji yingenzi ya sisitemu yo gucunga amashyuza
Kuri sisitemu yo gucunga bateri yimodoka nshya zingufu, haba mugihugu ndetse no hanze yaritondeye cyane, zitangiza urukurikirane rwubushakashatsi, kandi zabonye ibisubizo byinshi.Iyi ngingo izibanda ku isuzuma ryukuri ryingufu za batiri zisigaye za sisitemu nshya yimodoka ya bateri yumuriro wa sisitemu yumuriro, imicungire ya batiri hamwe nikoranabuhanga ryingenzi rikoreshwa murisisitemu yo gucunga ubushyuhe.
3.1 Bateri yumuriro wa sisitemu yumuriro usigaye imbaraga zo gusuzuma ingufu
Abashakashatsi bashoye imbaraga nyinshi nimbaraga nyinshi mugusuzuma SOC, cyane cyane bakoresheje imibare yubumenyi bwa algorithm nkuburyo bwa ampere-isaha yuburyo bwuzuye, uburyo bwikitegererezo bwumurongo, uburyo bwurusobe rwimikorere nuburyo bwa Kalman bwo kuyungurura kugirango bakore ubushakashatsi bwinshi bwikigereranyo.Nyamara, amakosa yo kubara akenshi abaho mugihe cyo gukoresha ubu buryo.Niba ikosa ridakosowe mugihe, ikinyuranyo hagati yo kubara ibisubizo kizaba kinini kandi kinini.Kugirango basubize iyi nenge, abashakashatsi mubisanzwe bahuza uburyo bwo gusuzuma Anshi nubundi buryo bwo kugenzura, kugirango babone ibisubizo nyabyo.Hamwe namakuru yukuri, abashakashatsi barashobora kugereranya neza ibyasohotse muri bateri.
3.2 Gucunga neza sisitemu yo gucunga amashyuza ya batiri
Imicungire yimikorere ya bateri yumuriro wa sisitemu ikoreshwa cyane cyane muguhuza voltage nimbaraga za buri gice cya bateri yingufu.Nyuma ya bateri zitandukanye zikoreshwa mubice bitandukanye, imbaraga na voltage bizaba bitandukanye.Muri iki gihe, imiyoborere iringaniye igomba gukoreshwa kugirango ikureho itandukaniro ryombi.Kudahuza.Kugeza ubu uburyo bukoreshwa cyane muburyo bwo gucunga neza
Igabanijwemo cyane muburyo bubiri: kuringaniza pasiporo no kuringaniza ibikorwa.Urebye kubishyira mubikorwa, amahame yo gushyira mubikorwa akoreshwa muburyo bubiri bwo kunganya aratandukanye cyane.
(1) Impirimbanyi zingana.Ihame ryo kuringaniza pasiporo rikoresha isano iri hagati yingufu za bateri na voltage, hashingiwe kumibare ya voltage yumurongo umwe wa bateri, kandi guhindura byombi bigerwaho muburyo bwo gusohora: imbaraga za bateri ifite ingufu nyinshi zitanga ubushyuhe ukoresheje ubushyuhe bwo gushyushya, Noneho ukwirakwize mu kirere kugirango ugere ku ntego yo gutakaza ingufu.Nyamara, ubu buryo bwo kuringaniza ntabwo butezimbere imikorere yo gukoresha bateri.Byongeye kandi, niba kugabanuka kwubushyuhe kutaringaniye, bateri ntishobora kurangiza imirimo yo gucunga amashyuza ya batiri kubera ikibazo cyubushyuhe bukabije.
(2) Impirimbanyi zifatika.Impirimbanyi ifatika nigicuruzwa cyazamuwe kiringaniye, cyuzuza ibibi byuburinganire.Duhereye ku ihame ryo gushyira mu bikorwa, ihame ryo kuringaniza ibikorwa ntabwo ryerekeza ku ihame ryo kuringaniza pasiporo, ahubwo ryemera igitekerezo gishya rwose: kuringaniza ibikorwa ntabwo bihindura ingufu z'amashanyarazi ya batiri mu mbaraga z'ubushyuhe kandi ikabikwirakwiza. , kugirango ingufu nyinshi zimurwe Ingufu ziva muri bateri zoherezwa muri bateri yingufu nke.Byongeye kandi, ubu buryo bwo kohereza ntiburenga ku mategeko yo kubungabunga ingufu, kandi bufite ibyiza byo gutakaza bike, gukoresha neza, hamwe n’ibisubizo byihuse.Nyamara, imiterere yibigize imiyoborere iringaniye biragoye.Niba impirimbanyi itagenzuwe neza, irashobora kwangiza bidasubirwaho paki yamashanyarazi bitewe nubunini bwayo bukabije.Kurangiza, byombi gucunga neza no gucunga neza pasiporo bifite ibibi nibyiza.Mubisobanuro byihariye, abashakashatsi barashobora guhitamo bakurikije ubushobozi numubare wimigozi ya batiri ya lithium.Ubushobozi buke, umubare muto wa batiri ya litiro ikwiranye nogucunga kuringaniza pasiporo, hamwe nubushobozi buhanitse, umubare munini wamashanyarazi ya lithium yamashanyarazi arakwiriye gucunga neza uburinganire.
3.3 Tekinoroji yingenzi ikoreshwa muri sisitemu yo gucunga amashyuza ya batiri
(1) Menya neza ubushyuhe bukoreshwa bwa bateri.Sisitemu yo gucunga amashyuza ikoreshwa cyane cyane muguhuza ubushyuhe bukikije bateri, kugirango rero harebwe ingaruka zikoreshwa rya sisitemu yo gucunga amashyuza, tekinoroji yingenzi yatunganijwe nabashakashatsi ikoreshwa cyane cyane mukumenya ubushyuhe bwakazi bwa bateri.Igihe cyose ubushyuhe bwa bateri bugumishijwe muburyo bukwiye, bateri ya lithium irashobora guhora mumikorere myiza, itanga imbaraga zihagije zo gukora ibinyabiziga bishya byingufu.Muri ubu buryo, imikorere ya batiri ya lithium yimodoka nshya yingufu zirashobora guhora mumeze neza.
(2) Batteri yubushyuhe bwo kubara no guhanura ubushyuhe.Iri koranabuhanga ririmo umubare munini wimibare yimibare.Abahanga bakoresha uburyo bwo kubara kugirango babone itandukaniro ryubushyuhe imbere muri bateri, kandi babikoreshe nkibanze kugirango bahanure imyitwarire yubushyuhe ishobora kuba ya batiri.
(3) Guhitamo uburyo bwo kohereza ubushyuhe.Imikorere isumba iyindi yo gucunga ubushyuhe biterwa no guhitamo uburyo bwo kohereza ubushyuhe.Ibyinshi mu binyabiziga bishya bigezweho bikoresha umwuka / gukonjesha nkuburyo bukonjesha.Ubu buryo bwo gukonjesha buroroshye gukora, buke mu giciro cyo gukora, kandi burashobora kugera ku ntego yo gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe bwa batiri. (Ubushyuhe bwo mu kirere/Ubushyuhe bwa PTC)
(4) Emera igishushanyo mbonera hamwe nubushyuhe bwo gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe.Igishushanyo cyo guhumeka no gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe hagati yipaki ya batiri ya lithium irashobora kwagura umuvuduko wumwuka kuburyo ishobora gukwirakwizwa neza mumapaki ya batiri, bikemura neza itandukaniro ryubushyuhe hagati ya moderi ya batiri.
(5) Guhitamo ingingo yo gupima abafana nubushyuhe.Muri iyi module, abashakashatsi bakoresheje umubare munini wubushakashatsi kugirango babare imibare, hanyuma bakoreshe uburyo bwo gukanika amazi kugirango babone agaciro gakoreshwa nabafana.Nyuma yibyo, abashakashatsi bazakoresha ibintu bitagira ingano kugirango babone aho bapima ubushyuhe bukwiye kugirango babone neza amakuru yubushyuhe bwa batiri.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Jun-25-2023
