Mu isi aho impungenge ku bidukikije zabaye iz’ingenzi, abakora imodoka barimo kwerekeza ibitekerezo byabo ku buryo bwo gutwara ibintu mu buryo burambye. Kubera iyo mpamvu, inganda z’imodoka zirimo guhinduka vuba zijya ku modoka zikoresha amashanyarazi (EVs) n’ubwoko bwa hybrid. Izi modoka zirengera ibidukikije ntizibereye ibidukikije gusa ahubwo zinafasha kugabanya kwishingikiriza ku bikomoka kuri peteroli. Ariko, guhinduka ku mashanyarazi bizana n’imbogamizi zitandukanye, cyane cyane sisitemu zo gushyushya mu gihe cy’ubukonje. Kugira ngo iki kibazo gikemuke, abahanga mu by’imodoka bateguye ibisubizo bishya nko gushyushya ibintu bikonjesha cyane,Ibishyushya bikonjesha bya PTCn'amapompo y'amazi akoresha amashanyarazi kugira ngo habeho ubushyuhe bunoze kandi burambye ku modoka zikoresha amashanyarazi.
Kimwe mu bibazo bikomeye ku batunze imodoka, cyane cyane mu gihe cy'itumba, ni ubushobozi bwo gushyushya imodoka nta mbogamizi ku mikoreshereze y'ingufu. Umuti w'iki kibazo ni ukuza kw'ibikoresho bishyushya bikonjesha bifite umuvuduko mwinshi. HV isobanura High Voltage kandi yerekeza ku muvuduko w'amashanyarazi ukenewe kugira ngo ushyushye icyuma gikonjesha cy'imodoka. Bitandukanye na moteri zisanzwe zikoresha ubushyuhe bw'imbere mu modoka, zikoresha ubushyuhe bwakoreshejwe mu gushyushya icyumba, imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi n'izikoresha ikoranabuhanga zikenera ubundi buryo. Igishyushya gikonjesha gifite umuvuduko mwinshi gikoresha ingufu ziva mu gipfunyika cya bateri y'imodoka kugira ngo gishyushye icyuma gikonjesha, hanyuma kikazenguruka mu buryo bushyushya. Ibi bituma ubushyuhe bwiza bw'icyumba butagira umuvuduko mwinshi wa bateri y'imodoka.
Indi nzira nshya muri uru rwego ni PTC coolant heater. PTC isobanura Positive Temperature Coefficient kandi yerekeza ku kintu cyihariye gishyushya cyubatswe muri izi heater. Kimwe mu byiza byinshi bya PTC coolant heater ni uko yigenga. Bitandukanye na heater zisanzwe zirwanya ubushyuhe, PTC elements zihindura amashanyarazi mu buryo bwikora hashingiwe ku bushyuhe bw'ikirere. Uku kwigenzura kwemerera inzira ihoraho kandi nziza yo gushyushya, birinda gupfusha ubusa amashanyarazi bitari ngombwa. Byongeye kandi, PTC coolant heater ni nto kandi zoroshye, bigatuma ziba nziza ku modoka zikoresha amashanyarazi aho gukoresha neza umwanya ari ngombwa.
Uretse ubu buryo bugezweho bwo gushyushya, pompe z'amazi zikoresha amashanyarazi zirimo kwitabwaho kubera uruhare rwazo mu kunoza imikorere myiza y'ibinyabiziga muri rusange. Pompe z'amazi zikoreshwa mu buryo busanzwe muri moteri zikoresha umuriro zikoresha ingufu nyinshi za moteri, bigatuma lisansi igabanuka. Pompe y'amazi ikoresha amashanyarazi ishobora gukora idakoresheje moteri, bigatuma habaho kugenzura cyane uburyo bwo gukonjesha no kugenzura ubushyuhe. Mu kugabanya kwishingikiriza ku ngufu za moteri, pompe z'amazi zikoresha amashanyarazi zifasha kugabanya ikoreshwa ry'ingufu no kongera urwego rw'imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi, birushaho kongera ubwiza bw'imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi n'izikoresha ikoranabuhanga.
Uruvange rwaIgishyushya gikonjesha cy'amashanyarazi gitanga ubukonje, icyuma gishyushya amazi gikoresha PTC hamwe n'ipompo y'amazi ikoresha amashanyarazi bitanga igisubizo cyuzuye kandi kitangiza ibidukikije cyo gushyushya imodoka hakoreshejwe amashanyarazi. Nubwo intego nyamukuru ari ukugira ngo ubushyuhe bwo mu cyumba bube bwiza, ubu buryo butanga n'izindi nyungu nyinshi. Gukoresha icyuma gishyushya amazi gikoresha HV hamwe n'icyuma gishyushya amazi gikoresha PTC, amashanyarazi ashobora gukoreshwa neza kandi ingaruka ku bidukikije zishobora kugabanuka. Byongeye kandi, imikorere yigenga ya pompe y'amazi ikoresha amashanyarazi ishobora kunoza cyane imikorere myiza y'imodoka no kongera ikoreshwa ry'ingufu.
Uko inganda z'imodoka zikomeza gutera imbere bitewe n'uko imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi n'izikoresha ikoranabuhanga rya hybride zagiye zitera imbere cyane. Imashini zikoresha amashanyarazi ya HV, PTC napompe z'amazi zikoresha amashanyarazibitanga urugero rw'umurava w'abahanga mu gushakisha ibisubizo birambye kandi binoze. Iri koranabuhanga ntiritanga gusa ubushyuhe bwiza mu bihe by'ubukonje, ahubwo rinafasha mu kugabanya imyuka ya CO2 ihumanya ikirere ndetse n'ibidukikije muri rusange. Uko isi igenda igana ku hazaza heza, iri terambere mu buryo bwo gushyushya imodoka ni intambwe y'ingenzi mu cyerekezo gikwiye.
Igihe cyo kohereza ubutumwa: 14 Nzeri 2023
