Akamaro k'imodoka nshya zikoresha ingufu ugereranije n'izisanzwe kagaragarira ahanini muri ibi bikurikira: Icya mbere, gukumira ubushyuhe bw'imodoka nshya zikoresha ingufu. Impamvu zitera ubushyuhe bw'imodoka zikoresha ingufu zirimo impamvu za mekanike n'iz'amashanyarazi (gusohora umuriro mu modoka, gushyushya imodoka, nibindi) n'impamvu za electrochemical (gushyushya umuriro mwinshi no gusohora umuriro urenze urugero, gusharija vuba, gusharija umuriro muke, amashanyarazi yihuta, nibindi). Gushyushya imodoka bizatuma bateri y'amashanyarazi ishya cyangwa ikaturika, bigateza akaga ku mutekano w'abagenzi. Icya kabiri ni uko ubushyuhe bwiza bw'imodoka ikoresha ingufu ari 10-30°C. Gucunga neza ubushyuhe bwa bateri bishobora gutuma bateri ikora neza kandi bikongera igihe cya bateri y'imodoka nshya zikoresha ingufu. Icya gatatu, ugereranije n'imodoka zikoresha lisansi, imodoka nshya zikoresha ingufu zitagira ingufu zitanga amashanyarazi, kandi ntizishobora kwishingikiriza ku bushyuhe buva muri moteri kugira ngo butange ubushyuhe mu nzu, ariko zishobora gusa gutuma ingufu z'amashanyarazi zigenzura ubushyuhe, ibyo bikagabanya cyane urwego rw'imodoka nshya ikoresha ingufu ubwayo. Bityo rero, imicungire y'ubushyuhe bw'imodoka nshya zikoresha ingufu yabaye ingenzi mu gukemura imbogamizi z'imodoka nshya zikoresha ingufu.
Ubushyuhe bw'imodoka nshya zikoresha ingufu buri hejuru cyane ugereranyije n'ubw'imodoka zikoresha ingufu zisanzwe. Ubushyuhe bw'imodoka bugamije kugenzura ubushyuhe bw'imodoka yose n'ubushyuhe bw'ibidukikije muri rusange, gutuma buri gice kigumana ubushyuhe bwiza, kandi icyarimwe hagakorwa ibishoboka byose kugira ngo imodoka igire umutekano kandi igire ihumure. Ubushyuhe bw'imodoka nshya bugizwe ahanini na sisitemu yo gukonjesha, sisitemu yo gucunga ubushyuhe bw'imodoka ikoresha ingufu (bateri).HVCH), sisitemu yo guteranya moteri hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga. Ugereranyije n'imodoka zisanzwe, imicungire y'ubushyuhe bw'imodoka nshya zikoresha ingufu, hongewemo moteri n'ibikoresho bikoresha ikoranabuhanga bikoresha batiri n'ibikoresho bikoresha ikoranabuhanga bikoresha ikoranabuhanga. Ubuyobozi bw'ubushyuhe bw'imodoka busanzwe bukubiyemo gukonjesha moteri na gearbox hamwe n'imicungire y'ubushyuhe bw'uburyo bukoresha lisansi. Imodoka zikoresha lisansi zikoresha icyuma gikonjesha kugira ngo zikonjeshe inzu, zishyushye inzu zikoresha ubushyuhe bwa moteri, kandi zikonjesha moteri na gearbox hakoreshejwe uburyo bukonjesha cyangwa bukonjesha umwuka. Ugereranyije n'imodoka zisanzwe, impinduka nini mu modoka nshya zikoresha ingufu ni isoko y'amashanyarazi. Imodoka nshya zikoresha ingufu ntabwo zifite moteri zikoresha ingufu, kandi ubushyuhe bw'umwuka bukoreshwa binyuze muri PTC cyangwa icyuma gikonjesha. Imodoka nshya zikoresha ingufu zongereyeho ibisabwa mu gukonjesha bateri na sisitemu zikoresha ikoranabuhanga, bityo imicungire y'ubushyuhe bw'imodoka nshya iragoye kurusha imodoka zisanzwe zikoresha lisansi.
Ingorane zo gucunga ubushyuhe bw'imodoka nshya zikoresha ingufu zatumye agaciro k'imodoka imwe mu gucunga ubushyuhe kiyongera. Agaciro k'imodoka imwe muri sisitemu yo gucunga ubushyuhe kakubye inshuro 2-3 ugereranyije n'imodoka zikoresha ingufu za gakondo. Ugereranyije n'imodoka zikoresha ingufu za gakondo, kwiyongera kw'agaciro k'imodoka nshya zikoresha ingufu bikomoka ahanini ku gukonjesha bateri, ibyuma bikonjesha by'imashini zikoresha ingufu zishyuha,PTC Ibishyushya bikonjeshan'ibindi.
Gukonjesha amazi byasimbuye gukonjesha umwuka nk'ikoranabuhanga risanzwe ryo kugenzura ubushyuhe, kandi gukonjesha mu buryo butaziguye byitezwe ko bizagera ku iterambere mu ikoranabuhanga
Uburyo bune busanzwe bwo gucunga ubushyuhe bwa batiri ni ugukonjesha umwuka, gukonjesha amazi, gukonjesha ibikoresho bihindura icyiciro, no gukonjesha mu buryo butaziguye. Ikoranabuhanga ryo gukonjesha umwuka ryakoreshejwe cyane cyane mu buryo bwa kera, kandi ikoranabuhanga ryo gukonjesha amazi ryagiye riba ingenzi buhoro buhoro bitewe no gukonjesha amazi mu buryo bumwe. Bitewe n'igiciro cyaryo kinini, ikoranabuhanga ryo gukonjesha amazi ahanini rifite uburyo bwo ku rwego rwo hejuru, kandi byitezwe ko rizagera ku buryo buciriritse mu gihe kizaza.
Gukonjesha umwuka (Igishyushya cy'umwuka cya PTC) ni uburyo bwo gukonjesha aho umwuka ukoreshwa nk'uburyo bwo kohereza ubushyuhe, kandi umwuka ugatwara ubushyuhe bwa batiri mu buryo butaziguye unyuze mu mufana usohora umwuka. Kugira ngo umwuka ukonje, ni ngombwa kongera intera iri hagati y'udusanduku tw'ubushyuhe n'udusanduku tw'ubushyuhe hagati ya batiri uko bishoboka kose, kandi imiyoboro ikurikiranye cyangwa ihwanye ishobora gukoreshwa. Kubera ko guhuza guhwanye bishobora gutuma ubushyuhe bukwirakwira kimwe, sisitemu nyinshi zikoreshwa ubu zikonjesha zikoresha uburyo buhuye.
Ikoranabuhanga ryo gukonjesha amazi rikoresha ubushyuhe bwo guhinduranya ubushyuhe mu mazi kugira ngo rikureho ubushyuhe buturuka kuri bateri kandi rigabanye ubushyuhe bwa bateri. Iki gikoresho cy’amazi gifite ubushobozi bwo kohereza ubushyuhe bwinshi, ubushobozi bunini bw’ubushyuhe, n’umuvuduko wo gukonjesha vuba, bigira ingaruka zikomeye mu kugabanya ubushyuhe ntarengwa no kunoza imiterere y’ubushyuhe bw’ipaki ya bateri. Muri icyo gihe, ingano y’uburyo bwo gucunga ubushyuhe ni ntoya. Mu gihe cy’ibintu bikoreshwa mu gukonjesha amazi, umuti wo gukonjesha amazi ushobora kwishingikiriza ku buryo bunini bwo gukonjesha kugira ngo ipaki ya bateri ishire ubushyuhe kandi itange ubushyuhe hagati ya module za bateri, bishobora gukumira vuba kwangirika guhoraho kw’ubushyuhe no kugabanya ibyago byo gukonjesha amazi. Imiterere ya sisitemu yo gukonjesha amazi irarushaho koroha: utunyangingo twa bateri cyangwa module zishobora kwinjizwa mu mazi, imiyoboro yo gukonjesha ishobora no gushyirwa hagati ya module za bateri, cyangwa isahani yo gukonjesha ishobora gukoreshwa hasi ya bateri. Uburyo bwo gukonjesha amazi bufite ibisabwa byinshi ku buryo bwo guhumeka kw’isi. Gukonjesha ibikoresho bihindura icyiciro bivuga inzira yo guhindura imiterere y’ibintu no gutanga ibikoresho bishyushye bidahinduye ubushyuhe, no guhindura imiterere y’umubiri. Ubu buryo buzakurura cyangwa bugasohora ubushyuhe bwinshi buhishe kugira ngo bukonjeshe bateri. Ariko, nyuma yo guhindura burundu icyiciro cy'ibikoresho byo guhindura icyiciro, ubushyuhe bwa bateri ntibushobora gukurwaho neza.
Uburyo bwo gukonjesha mu buryo butaziguye (gukonjesha mu buryo butaziguye muri firigo) bukoresha ihame ry'ubushyuhe buhishe bwo gukonjesha mu byuma bikonjesha (R134a, nibindi) kugira ngo hashyirweho sisitemu yo gukonjesha mu modoka cyangwa sisitemu ya bateri, kandi hagashyirwaho evaporator ya sisitemu yo gukonjesha mu buryo bw'ibateri, na evaporator muri evaporator. Evaporator kandi ikureho ubushyuhe bwa sisitemu ya bateri vuba kandi neza, kugira ngo isohoke neza sisitemu ya bateri.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kamena-25-2024
