Ikoranabuhanga ryo gucunga ubushyuhe ku modoka zikoresha amashanyarazi

Uburyo bwo gucunga ubushyuhe bw'imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi butuma umushoferi agira ikirere cyiza cyo gutwara, ahubwo bunagenzura ubushyuhe, ubushuhe, ubushyuhe bw'umwuka, n'ibindi by'ikirere cyo mu nzu. Bugenzura cyane cyane ubushyuhe bwa bateri y'amashanyarazi. Kugenzura ubushyuhe bwa bateri y'amashanyarazi ni ukugira ngo imodoka ikore neza kandi neza. Ni ngombwa cyane kugira ngo imodoka zikore neza kandi mu mutekano.

Hari uburyo bwinshi bwo gukonjesha bateri z'amashanyarazi, bushobora kugabanywamo uburyo bwo gukonjesha umwuka, gukonjesha amazi, gukonjesha sinki ishyushya, gukonjesha ibikoresho bihindura icyiciro no gukonjesha imiyoboro y'ubushyuhe.

Ubushyuhe buri hejuru cyane cyangwa hasi cyane buzagira ingaruka ku mikorere ya bateri za lithiamu-ion, ariko ubushyuhe butandukanye bugira ingaruka zitandukanye ku miterere y'imbere ya bateri n'imikorere ya shimi ya ion.

Mu bushyuhe buke, imikorere ya ionic ya electrolyte mu gihe cyo gushyushya no gusohora iragabanuka, kandi impedances kuri positive electrode/electrolyte interface na negative electrode/electrolyte interface ziba nyinshi, ibyo bigira ingaruka ku impedance yo kohereza ishari ku buso bwa electrode nziza na negative hamwe n'umuvuduko wa ions za lithium muri electrode negative, amaherezo bigira ingaruka ku bimenyetso by'ingenzi nko gukora neza kwa bateri no gushyushya no gusohora ishari. Mu bushyuhe buke, igice cy'umusemburo muri electrolyte ya bateri kizakomeza gukomera, bigatuma ions za lithium zigorana kwimuka. Uko ubushyuhe bugenda bugabanuka, impedance ya electrochemical reaction y'umunyu wa electrolyte izakomeza kwiyongera, kandi itandukanyirizo rya ions zayo naryo rizakomeza kugabanuka. Ibi bintu bizagira ingaruka zikomeye ku ihinduka rya ions muri electrolyte rigabanya ihinduka rya electrochemical reaction; kandi mu gihe cyo gushyushya bateri ku bushyuhe buke, ingorane mu kwimuka kwa ions za lithium bizatuma ions za lithium zigabanuka mu byuma bya lithium dendrites, bigatuma electrolyte igabanuka kandi ubwiyongere bwa polarization y'ibipimo. Byongeye kandi, inguni zityaye z'iyi dendrite ya lithium metal zishobora gutobora byoroshye igice cyo hagati cya bateri, bigatera umuvuduko muke muri bateri bigatera impanuka y'umutekano.

Ubushyuhe bwinshi ntibuzatuma electrolyte solvent ikomera, cyangwa ngo igabanye igipimo cyo gukwirakwira kwa iyoni z'umunyu wa electrolyte; ahubwo, ubushyuhe bwinshi buzongera imikorere y'imikorere ya electrochemical y'ibikoresho, byongera igipimo cyo gukwirakwira kwa iyoni, kandi byihutishe ukwimuka kwa iyoni za lithium, bityo mu buryo bumwe ubushyuhe bwinshi bufasha kunoza imikorere ya bateri za lithium-ion. Ariko, iyo ubushyuhe buri hejuru cyane, buzihutisha uburyo bwo kubora bwa SEI film, uburyo hagati ya karubone ya litium na electrolyte, uburyo hagati ya karubone ya litium na kole, uburyo bwo kubora bwa electrolyte n'uburyo bwo kubora bw'ibikoresho bya cathode, bityo bigira ingaruka zikomeye ku buzima bwa serivisi n'imikorere ya bateri. Koresha imikorere. Ibikorwa byavuzwe haruguru hafi ya byose ntibishobora gusubizwa inyuma. Iyo igipimo cyo gukora cyihuta, ibikoresho biboneka byo gukora ibikorwa bya electrochemical bishobora gusubizwa inyuma muri bateri bizagabanuka vuba, bigatuma imikorere ya bateri igabanuka mu gihe gito. Kandi iyo ubushyuhe bwa bateri bukomeje kuzamuka birenze ubushyuhe bw’umutekano wa bateri, uburyo bwo kubora bwa electrolyte na electrodes buzigaragaza mu buryo bwikora imbere muri bateri, buzatuma ubushyuhe bwinshi buboneka mu gihe gito cyane, ni ukuvuga ko ubushyuhe bwa bateri buhagarara, bigatuma bateri isenyuka burundu. Mu mwanya muto w’agasanduku ka bateri, ubushyuhe buragorana gucika burundu mu gihe, kandi ubushyuhe burushaho kwiyongera mu gihe gito. Ibi bishobora gutera gukwirakwira vuba k’ubushyuhe bwa bateri, bigatuma bateri ifumba umwotsi, igashya cyangwa ikaturika.