Mu myaka ya vuba aha, inganda z’imodoka ku isi zabonye impinduka zikomeye mu bijyanye n’ubwikorezi burambye. Nk’igice cy’iyi mpinduramatwara, iterambere mu ikoranabuhanga rishyushya imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi (EV) ryakuruye ibitekerezo by’abantu benshi. Iyi nkuru irasuzuma uburyo butatu bugezweho bwo gushyushya imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi buvugurura imikorere n’imikorere yazo: amashanyarazi akoresha batiri za bisi, amashanyarazi akoresha PTC, n’amashanyarazi akoresha PTC.
1. Igishyushya batiri ya bisi gikoresha amashanyarazi:
Bisi zikoresha amashanyarazi zizwi cyane kubera ubushobozi bwazo bwo kudasohora imyuka ihumanya ikirere, ibyo bikaba bifasha mu gukora ahantu hasukuye kandi harangwa n’ibidukikije. Ariko, kimwe mu bibazo bihura na byo mu mikorere ya bisi zikoresha amashanyarazi ni ugukomeza gukoresha bateri neza mu gihe cy’ubukonje. Aha niho ibyuma bishyushya bateri zikoresha amashanyarazi bikoreshwa.
Igishyushya cy'amashanyarazi cya bisi ni uburyo bugezweho bwo gushyushya bwagenewe kurinda bateri ubushyuhe bukabije. Mu kubungabunga ubushyuhe buhamye, ubu buryo bushya butuma bateri za bisi zikoresha amashanyarazi zikomeza gukora neza kandi zigatanga umusaruro mwiza, hatitawe ku miterere y'ikirere. Ubu buryo bugezweho butuma bisi zikoresha amashanyarazi zirushaho kuba nziza kandi zigatanga umusaruro mwiza, uko ikirere cyaba kiri kose. Iri koranabuhanga rigezweho rituma bisi zikoresha amashanyarazi zikomeza kwizerwa no kuba zifite ingano, bigatuma ziba uburyo bwiza bwo gusimbura imodoka zisanzwe zikoresha lisansi.
2. Igishyushya gikonjesha cya PTC cy'imodoka ikoresha amashanyarazi:
Ibinyabiziga bikoresha amashanyarazi byishingikiriza kuri bateri kugira ngo bikore neza. Kugira ngo bateri zicungwe neza kandi neza, kubungabunga ubushyuhe bwiza ni ingenzi cyane. Ibikoresho bishyushya bikonjesha bya PTC ku binyabiziga bikoresha amashanyarazi birahindura cyane mu gucunga ubushyuhe bwa bateri.
Ubu buryo bugezweho bwo gushyushya bushingiye ku ikoranabuhanga rya Positive Temperature Coefficient (PTC) kugira ngo bwohereze ubushyuhe kuri sisitemu y'ibikoresho bikonjesha imodoka ikoresha amashanyarazi. Ibi byemeza ko bateri iguma mu rugero rwiza rw'ubushyuhe uko ikirere cyaba kiri kose, bityo bikanoza imikorere n'ubuzima bwa bateri muri rusange. Igishyushya gikonjesha cya PTC cy'imodoka ikoresha amashanyarazi gifite ubushobozi bwo kugenzura neza ubushyuhe no kunoza ubwizigirwa n'uburambe bw'imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi.
3. Igishyushya cy'umwuka cya PTC:
Uretse gushyushya batiri, ihumure ry'abagenzi ni ikindi kintu cy'ingenzi ku modoka zikoresha amashanyarazi. Igishyushya cy'umwuka cya PTC ni igisubizo cy'ubushyuhe gigamije gutanga ibidukikije byiza kandi byiza imbere mu modoka zikoresha amashanyarazi.
Igishyushya cy'umwuka cya PTC gikoresha ikoranabuhanga rigezweho rya PTC kugira ngo gishyushye imbere mu modoka vuba kandi neza, ndetse no mu bushyuhe bukonje. Ubu buryo bukora neza butanga ubushyuhe bwihuse, bukarinda gutakaza ingufu no kugabanya ikoreshwa ry'amashanyarazi muri rusange. Igishyushya cy'umwuka cya PTC gituma abagenzi batwara imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi barushaho kumererwa neza, bityo bigatuma imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi zikundwa cyane.
Uruvange rw'ubu buryo butatu bwiza bwo gushyushya (icyuma gishyushya bateri ya bisi gikoresha amashanyarazi, icyuma gishyushya gikoresha amashanyarazi cya PTC n'icyuma gishyushya umwuka cya PTC) rurimo kuzana impinduka zikomeye mu nganda zikoresha amashanyarazi. Ubu buryo bushya bwo gushyushya burushaho kunoza ubwiza bw'imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi binyuze mu gukemura ibibazo by'ingenzi bijyanye no gukoresha neza bateri, kugenzura ubushyuhe no koroherwa n'abagenzi.
Byongeye kandi, gukoresha ubu buryo bw'ikoranabuhanga bishobora kugabanya kwishingikiriza ku bikomoka kuri peteroli no kugabanya cyane imyuka ihumanya ikirere. Mu gihe za leta hirya no hino ku isi zikomeje gushyira imbere ubwikorezi burambye, ubu buryo bugezweho bwo gushyushya bugira uruhare runini mu kwihutisha impinduka ku isi yose igana ku hazaza heza kandi harambye.
Muri make, ibyuma bishyushya bateri za bisi zikoresha amashanyarazi, ibyuma bishyushya PTC bikoresha amashanyarazi hamwe n'ibyuma bishyushya umwuka bya PTC birimo kuvugurura imikorere n'imikorere y'imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi. Ubu buryo bugezweho bwo gushyushya butuma bateri ikora neza mu bihe bikomeye, bucunga ubushyuhe bwa bateri kandi bunoza abagenzi bamerewe neza, bigatuma imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi zizamuka nk'igisubizo kirambye cy'ubwikorezi bw'ejo hazaza.
Igihe cyo kohereza: 27 Nzeri 2023
